1
PhD student of Persian language and literature, Islamic Azad University Gorgan Branch
2
Assistant Professor, Faculty Member and Director of the Department of Persian Language and Literature, Gorgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gorgan, Iran.
3
Assistant Professor and Faculty Member, Gorgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gorgan, Iran.
Abstract
Hakim Abu 'l-Qasim Ferdowsi, a prominent Iranian poet, wrote a book full of advice and admonitions titled Shahnameh. This book is an epic masterpiece and an indicator of the national and cultural identity of Iranians. The rule of kings and the issues related to the rulers and peasants have been manifested in a comprehensive way in the historical part of the Shahnameh, which is unique in its kind. Ferdowsi has been able to link Iranian culture and civilization to Islam. Considering the influence of religious teachings and Islamic culture on his thoughts and its influence on the writing of the Shahnameh and its similarities with religious works, this article examines the duties of subordinates towards the ruler in the historical part of the Shahnameh (that is, from the kingdom of "Bahman" to the kingdom of "Yazdgerd III") and compares them with Nahj al-Balaghah. This work is descriptive-analytical and library resources have been used for its preparation and compilation. The results of this comparison showed that in both works the emphasis is on the duties of subordinates and peasants to the ruler (obeying the ruler, secrecy, saying good words and not slandering about the ruler, loyalty, fighting and not running away from the battlefield). These were some of the similarities, but in the case of differences, Ferdowsi has sometimes indulged in approving the kings and considered the implementation of their orders absolutely necessary.
فردوسی، ابوالقاسم، 1384ش، شاهنامه. جلد ششم، تصحیح: جلال خالقی مطلق و محمود امید سالار. نیویورک: بنیاد میراث ایران.
فردوسی، ابوالقاسم، 1386ش، شاهنامه. جلد هفتم، تصحیح: جلال خالقی مطلق و ابوالفضل خطیبی. چاپ اوّل. تهران: مرکز دائرةالمعارف بزرگ اسلامی.
مقالات
ایروانی، محمدرضا. حسینایی، یحیی. 1390ش، آموزه های اخلاقی و منش فرماندهی شخصیتهای شاهنامه فردوسی (مطالعه موردی: داستان سیاووشان)، مدیریت نظامی، سال یازدهم، شماره 41، 134ـ111.
رستگار، نصرتالله. 1384ش، مشروعیّت حکومت از دیدگاه فردوسی (کسب قدرت شاهان ایران باستان به روایت شاهنامه)، مجله آیینه میراث، سال سوم، شماره دوم، پیاپی 29، 40ـ 9.
عزیزی، طاهره، 1388ش، ترسیم چرخه عدالت در شاهنامه. مجله علوم سیاسی، سال دوازدهم، شماره جهل و پنجم، 170-143.
فولادی، محمد. اورعی، جعفر، 1392ش، مبانی کشورداری و شهریاری در شاهنامه. مجموعه مقالات فردوسی پژوهی، تیر90 .
Mazhari,A. , Abbaspour-e- Esfadan,H. A. and Khaledyan,M. A. (2022). Investigating the duties of subordinates and peasants towards the ruler in the historical part of Shahnameh and comparing it with Nahj al-Balaghah. Nahjolbalagheh Research, 21(1), 35-56.
MLA
Mazhari,A. , , Abbaspour-e- Esfadan,H. A. , and Khaledyan,M. A. . "Investigating the duties of subordinates and peasants towards the ruler in the historical part of Shahnameh and comparing it with Nahj al-Balaghah", Nahjolbalagheh Research, 21, 1, 2022, 35-56.
HARVARD
Mazhari A., Abbaspour-e- Esfadan H. A., Khaledyan M. A. (2022). 'Investigating the duties of subordinates and peasants towards the ruler in the historical part of Shahnameh and comparing it with Nahj al-Balaghah', Nahjolbalagheh Research, 21(1), pp. 35-56.
CHICAGO
A. Mazhari, H. A. Abbaspour-e- Esfadan and M. A. Khaledyan, "Investigating the duties of subordinates and peasants towards the ruler in the historical part of Shahnameh and comparing it with Nahj al-Balaghah," Nahjolbalagheh Research, 21 1 (2022): 35-56,
VANCOUVER
Mazhari A., Abbaspour-e- Esfadan H. A., Khaledyan M. A. Investigating the duties of subordinates and peasants towards the ruler in the historical part of Shahnameh and comparing it with Nahj al-Balaghah. Nahjolbalagheh Research, 2022; 21(1): 35-56.