Semantics is one of the important branches of rhetorical sciences. It plays a significant role in the expression of speech and serves as a key tool for analyzing discourse and understanding the meaning hidden behind phrases. In this context, the secondary functions of declarative and informative sentences hold an important place in the field of semantics. They are among the rhetorical techniques that deepen the literary dimensions of speech. Nahj al-Balaghah and its wisdoms are filled with declarative (news) sentences in which rhetorical functions and deeper meanings are also evident. In other words, to enhance the rhetorical structure of the text, the speaker employs declarative constructions not only to convey information but also to express secondary rhetorical functions such as persuasion, warning, boasting, command, prohibition, and more. This research aims to answer the question: What secondary functions of declarative sentences are used in the wisdoms of Nahj al-Balaghah, and what is their intended effect? To address this question, a descriptive-analytical method was employed. The study attempts to explain the rhetorical functions and secondary functions of declarative sentences in a selection of the wisdoms of Nahj al-Balaghah, in order to highlight the eloquence and rhetorical depth of the Imam’s (AS) speech. It also aims to shed light on the various dimensions of these secondary functions, thereby contributing to a deeper understanding and analysis of these wisdoms. The findings of the study indicate that most of the wisdoms in Nahj al-Balaghah utilize declarative sentence structures, and rhetorical functions such as persuasion, prohibition, condemnation, and encouragement appear with the highest frequency.
